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2322
Guest
I wasn't insulting the queen. She does wear a gold hat and on occasion rides around in a gold coach. The government pays her to do these things because of what she was born. Further, she possesses, for no other reason than her station of birth, the following rights in government:
The proportional representation peers receive in Lords far exceeds any district represented in commons. There are less than one thousand titled peers but they have 92 representatives in the House of Lords. What riding in the UK gets such proportional representation in Commons? None.
The Lyon Court in Scotland and the College of Arms in England are legally empowered to enforce right of title and arms. This is the government legally enforcing the rights of of a peculiar group of subjects (not citizens) who have these rights for no other reason than their class.
Now reform of Lords has reduced the rights of the peerage but not eliminated them. Until recently, Scottish land law was entirely feudal and up to 1947 a peer could demand that criminal cases against him or her could be held in Lords. Being able to opt out of the court system of your country simply by right of birth is rather shocking to some people. Peers are created (or dissolved) legally by the sovereign, usually (but not always) on advice of her majesty's ministers (they are hers, not the people's). Any lord now who goes to a court or any other government ministry can demand to be given rank when addressed. If the Duke of Westminster wishes to be called, "Your Grace," then so the government employees must address him. Average people might try that but they'll be laughed at.
The rights of peers, while reduced of late, still include:
The right to attend the coronation of the sovereign
The right of precedence
They cannot be arrested for civil crimes
The right to demand an audience with the sovereign
Precedence is an amazingly complex business. This list is just for men alone:
MEN
The Queen
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
The Prince of Wales
The Queen's Younger Sons
Dukes of the Blood Royal
Prince Michael of Kent
Vicegerent in Spirituals (vacant since 1540)
Archbishop of Canterbury
Lord Chancellors
Archbishop of York
Prime Minister
Lord High Treasurer (in commission since 1714)
Lord President of the Council
Speaker of the House of Commons
Lord Privy Seal
Ambassadors and High Commissioners in order of seniority based on dates of arrival in the United Kingdom
Lord Great Chamberlain
Lord High Constable (vacant since 1521)
Earl Marshal
Lord High Admiral (in commission since 1828)
Lord Steward of the Household
Lord Chamberlain
Master of the Horse
[Successors of Dukes of the Blood Royal]
Dukes of England
Dukes of Scotland
Dukes of Great Britain
Dukes of Ireland created before 1801 (only the duke of Leinster)
Dukes of the United Kingdom and Dukes of Ireland created after 1800 (only the duke of Abercorn)
Eldest sons of Dukes of the Blood Royal
Marquesses of England
Marquesses of Scotland
Marquesses of Great Britain
Marquesses of Ireland created before 1801
Marquesses of the United Kingdom and Marquesses of Ireland created after 1800
Eldest sons of Dukes not of the Blood Royal
Earls of England
Earls of Scotland
Earls of Great Britain
Earls of Ireland created before 1801
Earls of the United Kingdom and Earls of Ireland created after 1800
Younger sons Dukes of the Blood Royal
Eldest Sons of Marquesses
Younger sons of Dukes not of the Blood Royal
Viscounts of England
Viscounts of Scotland
Viscounts of Great Britain
Viscounts of Ireland created before 1801
Viscounts of the United Kingdom and Viscounts of Ireland created after 1800
Eldest sons of Earls
Younger sons of Marquesses
Bishop of London
Bishop of Durham
Bishop of Winchester
Other English Diocesan Bishops according to their seniority of consecration
Suffragan and retired Bishops
Secretary of State, if a baron
Barons of England
Barons of Scotland
Barons of Great Britain
Barons of Ireland created before 1801
Barons of the United Kingdom, Barons of Ireland created since 1800,
Lords of Appeal in Ordinary and Life Peers according to their dates of appointment or creation
Commissioners of the Great Seal (none except briefly since 1850)
Treasurer of the Household
Comptroller of the Household
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
Secretary of State, if under the degree of a baron
Eldest sons of Viscounts
Younger sons of Earls
Eldest sons of Barons
Knights of the Garter
Knights of the Thistle
Knights of St Patrick
Privy Councillors
Chancellor of the Order of the Garter (office annexed to the bishopric of Oxford since 1837)
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Lord Chief Justice of England (usually ranks as a PC)
Master of the Rolls (usually ranks as a PC)
President of the Family Division of the High Court (usually ranks as a PC)
Lords Justices of Appeal (usually ranks as a PC)
Judges of the High Court in order of appointment, irrespective of the Divisions to which they are assigned
Younger sons of Viscounts
Younger sons of Barons and sons of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary,
Life Peers and Life Peeresses
Baronets
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Commanders of the Order of the Star of India
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Grand Commanders of the Order of the Indian Empire
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Commanders of the Order of the Bath
Knights Commanders of the Order of the Star of India
Knights Commanders of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Commanders of the Order of the Indian Empire
Knights Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Knights Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Bachelors
Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster
Recorder of London
Recorders of Liverpool and Manchester according to priority of appointment
Common Serjeant
Other Circuit judges according to the priority or order of their respective appointments
Master of the Court of Protection
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Companions of the Order of the Star of India
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Members of the Royal Victorian Order (4th class)
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Companions of the Imperial Service Order
Eldest sons of the younger sons of Peers
Eldest sons of Baronets
Eldest sons of Knights
Members of the Royal Victorian Order (5th class)
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Younger sons of Baronets
Younger sons of Knights
All other males in the UK
All of this is set out in law. It's not custom, it's a law. Legally, in the UK, some people outrank others by virtue of birth or appointment. They are elevated in person, not in office. It may be quaint, it may be a nice show, it may even be history, but it is still government enforcement of a class system largely based upon birth. In the UK, some people simply legally outrank others in class.
- The appointment and dismissal of ministers;
- The dissolution of parliament and the calling of elections;
- Clemency and pardon;
- The award of dignities and honours;
- The declaration of war;
- The declaration of an emergency;
- The grant of Charters of Incorporation;
- The minting of coinage;
- The issue and revocation of passports;
- The expulsion of a foreign national from the United Kingdom;
- The creation of new common law courts;
- The creation of new universities;
- The appointment of bishops and archbishops in the Church of England;
- The printing of the authorised Church of England version of the Bible;
- The publication of all statutes, legislative instruments and Orders-in-Council; existing and new
- The exercise of jurisdiction over numerous Royal foundations of all kinds;
- The appointment of Royal Commissions and Officers for any purposes.
- The choice of the numbering of monarchs (See MacCormick v. Lord Advocate)
The proportional representation peers receive in Lords far exceeds any district represented in commons. There are less than one thousand titled peers but they have 92 representatives in the House of Lords. What riding in the UK gets such proportional representation in Commons? None.
The Lyon Court in Scotland and the College of Arms in England are legally empowered to enforce right of title and arms. This is the government legally enforcing the rights of of a peculiar group of subjects (not citizens) who have these rights for no other reason than their class.
Now reform of Lords has reduced the rights of the peerage but not eliminated them. Until recently, Scottish land law was entirely feudal and up to 1947 a peer could demand that criminal cases against him or her could be held in Lords. Being able to opt out of the court system of your country simply by right of birth is rather shocking to some people. Peers are created (or dissolved) legally by the sovereign, usually (but not always) on advice of her majesty's ministers (they are hers, not the people's). Any lord now who goes to a court or any other government ministry can demand to be given rank when addressed. If the Duke of Westminster wishes to be called, "Your Grace," then so the government employees must address him. Average people might try that but they'll be laughed at.
The rights of peers, while reduced of late, still include:
The right to attend the coronation of the sovereign
The right of precedence
They cannot be arrested for civil crimes
The right to demand an audience with the sovereign
Precedence is an amazingly complex business. This list is just for men alone:
MEN
The Queen
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
The Prince of Wales
The Queen's Younger Sons
Dukes of the Blood Royal
Prince Michael of Kent
Vicegerent in Spirituals (vacant since 1540)
Archbishop of Canterbury
Lord Chancellors
Archbishop of York
Prime Minister
Lord High Treasurer (in commission since 1714)
Lord President of the Council
Speaker of the House of Commons
Lord Privy Seal
Ambassadors and High Commissioners in order of seniority based on dates of arrival in the United Kingdom
Lord Great Chamberlain
Lord High Constable (vacant since 1521)
Earl Marshal
Lord High Admiral (in commission since 1828)
Lord Steward of the Household
Lord Chamberlain
Master of the Horse
[Successors of Dukes of the Blood Royal]
Dukes of England
Dukes of Scotland
Dukes of Great Britain
Dukes of Ireland created before 1801 (only the duke of Leinster)
Dukes of the United Kingdom and Dukes of Ireland created after 1800 (only the duke of Abercorn)
Eldest sons of Dukes of the Blood Royal
Marquesses of England
Marquesses of Scotland
Marquesses of Great Britain
Marquesses of Ireland created before 1801
Marquesses of the United Kingdom and Marquesses of Ireland created after 1800
Eldest sons of Dukes not of the Blood Royal
Earls of England
Earls of Scotland
Earls of Great Britain
Earls of Ireland created before 1801
Earls of the United Kingdom and Earls of Ireland created after 1800
Younger sons Dukes of the Blood Royal
Eldest Sons of Marquesses
Younger sons of Dukes not of the Blood Royal
Viscounts of England
Viscounts of Scotland
Viscounts of Great Britain
Viscounts of Ireland created before 1801
Viscounts of the United Kingdom and Viscounts of Ireland created after 1800
Eldest sons of Earls
Younger sons of Marquesses
Bishop of London
Bishop of Durham
Bishop of Winchester
Other English Diocesan Bishops according to their seniority of consecration
Suffragan and retired Bishops
Secretary of State, if a baron
Barons of England
Barons of Scotland
Barons of Great Britain
Barons of Ireland created before 1801
Barons of the United Kingdom, Barons of Ireland created since 1800,
Lords of Appeal in Ordinary and Life Peers according to their dates of appointment or creation
Commissioners of the Great Seal (none except briefly since 1850)
Treasurer of the Household
Comptroller of the Household
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
Secretary of State, if under the degree of a baron
Eldest sons of Viscounts
Younger sons of Earls
Eldest sons of Barons
Knights of the Garter
Knights of the Thistle
Knights of St Patrick
Privy Councillors
Chancellor of the Order of the Garter (office annexed to the bishopric of Oxford since 1837)
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Lord Chief Justice of England (usually ranks as a PC)
Master of the Rolls (usually ranks as a PC)
President of the Family Division of the High Court (usually ranks as a PC)
Lords Justices of Appeal (usually ranks as a PC)
Judges of the High Court in order of appointment, irrespective of the Divisions to which they are assigned
Younger sons of Viscounts
Younger sons of Barons and sons of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary,
Life Peers and Life Peeresses
Baronets
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Commanders of the Order of the Star of India
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Grand Commanders of the Order of the Indian Empire
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Commanders of the Order of the Bath
Knights Commanders of the Order of the Star of India
Knights Commanders of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Commanders of the Order of the Indian Empire
Knights Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Knights Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Bachelors
Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster
Recorder of London
Recorders of Liverpool and Manchester according to priority of appointment
Common Serjeant
Other Circuit judges according to the priority or order of their respective appointments
Master of the Court of Protection
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Companions of the Order of the Star of India
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Members of the Royal Victorian Order (4th class)
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Companions of the Imperial Service Order
Eldest sons of the younger sons of Peers
Eldest sons of Baronets
Eldest sons of Knights
Members of the Royal Victorian Order (5th class)
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Younger sons of Baronets
Younger sons of Knights
All other males in the UK
All of this is set out in law. It's not custom, it's a law. Legally, in the UK, some people outrank others by virtue of birth or appointment. They are elevated in person, not in office. It may be quaint, it may be a nice show, it may even be history, but it is still government enforcement of a class system largely based upon birth. In the UK, some people simply legally outrank others in class.