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smaller countries can act faster to market conditions. and could grow further within the eu framework.
There is an optimum size for a country.
Very big countries have problems. Countries like China and India find it hard to make central decisions which respond to the needs of their enormous populations or are right for them. The USSR actually fell to bits.
Very small countries are responsive, but they get tossed around in the economic storms. If they get it right then life is great (Norway, Switzerland); if they get it wrong then it all goes very wrong (Ireland, Iceland).
The feel is that a population of 20m-130m seems to work, say Australia to Japan. The USA at something like 300m is well outside these boundaries - but the state system seems to be the key factor (with several individual states falling in this range). Scotland with around 5m people would face either the prosperity of Norway or the bust of Ireland - probably both scenarios over a generation or two. It is up to the Scots. If the Scots really want their independence they should have it, but they should take a long look at both the advantages and disadvantages.
It is unfortunate that time and again we have a situation where the economic and social needs of Scotland are different to those of London/SE (where half the UK population lives). Scotland gets lumbered with the wrong decision for Scotland. It may be that devolution can act as a sufficient buffer. Independence for Scotland solves some problems and creates others.
Border posts at Gretna Green? Well if Scotland joined Schengen then the answer is yes there would be. The reality is that a Scotland in Europe would still have to conform in some areas with the decisions of the UK.