The US uses more resources per head than any other country. That's a lot of scope to cut back on what you are using but still maintain the quality of life other countries enjoy. Americans appear to cherish their right to squander resources, and this seems to be at the heart of what will happen. Put those however million people in the army to work building infrastructure instead. Or running public hospitals. Or schools. Or anything more useful.
Or, since there seems to be no change to policy of letting the rich get as rich as they can, divisions in society will increase: some will see no change while others will see drastic cuts in quality of life.
Wow, I am embarrassed it took someone from the UK to call out the real problems with the U.S. economy. I think it is kind of funny that my post on the politics of favoring different modes of producing/consuming got so little notice. Maybe I had a bit too much holiday cheer when I posted, but that is basically where this conversation should be. If you think this is all about being forced to eat only PB&J sandwiches, you have been taken.
But like the above quote says, we have a lot of room for change in the U.S. We almost certainly can't continue on the trajectory we were on before, but that doesn't mean we will be living a grim horrible life. In fact, I would posit that life in the U.S. might just get a whole lot better if we faced up to the fact that much of our political economy is about shielding a group of unspectacular individuals from reality, not about promoting growth and innovation.
And in case you think the idea of sloughing off some of the old ways would be fatal, just remember the biggest growth in the history of the U.S. happened after the Civil War, when a group of similarly unspectacular, but unfortunately rich individuals and the appalling governmental policy (aka legalized slavery) that propped them up was violent destroyed.
What might make the lives of the vast majority of Americans better? Policies that stop prompting the over-consumption of resources might be a great start. People might not understand this, but consuming more resources doesn't necessarily improve your quality of life. The energy consumption of a bumpkin in Kansas is off the charts, whereas someone in a fashionable neighborhood in New York or San Francisco can live on a small fraction of the bumpkin's energy consumption.
And who benefits from this large scale energy consumption? Mostly resource producers, which includes the funders of Middle Eastern terror groups and a bunch of other foreigners. Yes, originally oil in the U.S. was the province of the Ohio Mafia and later the Texas Mafia, two groups in the sanctum sanctorum of the Republican Party, but the economics of world oil means that the biggest beneficiaries have to be in the Middle East.
The other large beneficiaries are rural/small town/provincial/landlocked interests. These people seldom, if ever get truly wealthy off this arrangement, but they are able to keep their romantic lifestyle while never truly having to compete. In essence, the recent arrangement meant they lived better than their productivity should have allowed. The bumpkin in the above example is an example of this and he provides the electoral power that stymies attempts at moving toward a more just arrangement. Just think of this: small, mostly rural states have as many Senators as California. If you are cynical resource producer, like the oil industry, you make a deal with these people, an absolute minority, but an electoral majority, to tilt the U.S. priorities toward the highest possible resource use.
I realize this is a tad rambling, but I felt compelled to share. None of you should roll over and play dead. Realize that the complexity of the nation's economy means that no one has omniscience. And that means that much of what we elect to do as policy is about favoring or dis-favoring certain interests, i.e. it is a moral, not a technical question. When someone says that wages in China are $1/hour, therefore we are damned, tell them to fuck off. Ask them about what else happens in China and unless that have a good idea, they are simplifying to the point of uselessness.
What you should be focused on is that the we are squeezing a lot of poor and less-well off people to keep up the appearances that many of the formerly rich should stay that way. Unless you are proud to be a nutswinger, you should view what has happened in the U.S. as a sign that the previous political-economic arrangement has failed and many, but not all, of the seeming beneficiaries of that arrangement deserve to be stripped of their privileges (scams, actually).