There is an interesting, and quite comprehensive, study on virtually all of the above that was done by researchers at UCLA and Cal State. You can see it at:
http://dfred.bol.ucla.edu/LeverFrederickPeplau-2006PMM-PenisSizeSatisfaction.pdf
On the subject of self reported vs. clinically measured results that study has this to say:
Measurements made by sex researchers, however, tend to be significantly smaller than self-reports by male respondents. In two carefully controlled studies, penis size was measured by researchers after men self-stimulated themselves and/or ingested pharmaceutical drugs to induce erections (Senegezer et al., 2002; Wessells, Lue, & McAninch, 1996). Combining the means and standard deviations reported by these researchers, we calculated that the mean erect penis length was 5.3 in. (13.5 cm), with 68% of men measuring between 4.6 and 6.0 in. (11.7 cm and 15.2 cm), 13.5% between 3.8 and 4.5 in. (9.7 cm and 11.4 cm), and 13.5% between 6.1 and 6.8 in. (15.5 cm and 17.3 cm); only about 2.5% of men possessed a penis over 6.9 in. (17.5 cm) long, and 2.5% were under 3.7 in. (9.4 cm) long.
They didn't offer any details as to whether the Senegezer et al study was based on bone pressed or non-bone pressed techniques but I think it is fair to assume that BP would be the standard technique. I say that because they are professional scientists studying a specific organ of the human body. And it is clear that their interest was only in the external body (corpus) of the penis, not the entire organ. If you were to measure the
entire penis, body and root (radix) then you would indeed be measuring nearly from the asshole; i.e. throwing most of the length of the perineum into the equation. And where does the external penis begin and end? It begins at the pubic bone and ends at the tip of the penis. Any amount of fat that might hide part of a penis' external base has no bearing on the actual size of the organ. The only reason to ever consider penile measurements that are not bone pressed is if the goal is to try to determine the subjective measure of how "impressive" the organ looks to a size queen. And that might well apply in a forum such as LPSG, but it has no value in the science of human anatomy.