I appreciate your answers, thank you. (And I notice you left the Mormons off your list...interesting :biggrin1: )
But another question: Do not all churches, nay all *people* make up their own rules and doctrines? Who do the conferences or archdioceses answer to? Does not the truth stand regardless of what a group of people or one person has to say? And is it not up to the individual to determine that "truth"?
(again, this is not meant to be antagonistic; it's a question for everyone to address, as I try suggest above)
avg,
This is a very interesting question which I don't think people think through very much. The typical answers are:
1) The individual.
2) The congregation.
3) The congregation leader (e.g Pastor).
4) The denomination
5) The denomination leader (e.g Pope).
The usual default answer for an unchurched American is #1. It seems obvious to most that one's faith and one's relationship with God is a personal thing. But there are problems with that model, since Jesus had an annoying way of being very counter-cultural.
The problem with #1, is that left to ourselves, we usually just invent the God we want. I, for one, dont' feel that I am qualified to go off and read the Bible by myself, or just 'figure out' God by myself. Secondly, as an American, my default cultural position would be mostly derived from self-interest. Left to my own devices, I would probably invent some kind of success oriented self-absorbed theology that was all about my own salvation and the quality of life on this earth.
If I were a Law and Order Right wing Republican, I might invent a theology that is heavily transactional, where my good behavior is rewarded by God now and in the hearafter, and the bad behavior of others is punished now and in the hereafter. In other words, God as Santa Claus. Making a list and checking it twice.
If I had sexual issues, I might invent a theology with a God who is mostly concerned with sexual morality. This God would constantly on the hunt for gays or other deviants and would want them to burn in hell. I would be God's soldier on earth and vocally condemn homosexuals and actively work for their discrimination and limited human rights.
If I were very fearful or insecure, I would probably invent a theology with a personal God who watches out for my well being. This God would manipulate events around me to aid and abet his personal plan for me. I would ensure that God can work his plan by making sure I was sensitive to his will and giving over to it whenever I could. You would hear me saying frequently, "everything happens for a reason and it is according to God's plan for me and you." (In doing so, I would surely try to forget the question of God's plan for 6 million Jews during the holocaust.)
If I were a left wing liberal I might invent a theology where God forgives everyone and ensures the minimum amount of misery and suffering in the world and the maximum amount of social justice.
If I were Einstein I would invent a God that is more like Spinoza's pantheistic God, where God is merely the essence of the universe.
And so on. The problem with all this is that these God's are merely reflections of our own desires and fears. We are not objective enough to figure out who God really might be, unless we have some help.
My answer to the question is #4, the denomination. This is not the same as edict, dogma, or indoctrination. This can come in the form of a great body of theology as understood and interpreted by great theologians such as Barth, Tillich, Bonhoffer, etc. (Read the wikip on
Bonhoffer, for example.). Following the theology of a denomination involves a lifetime of study and participation in the ever growing maturity of the denomination's beliefs. It is predicated on the fact that the Bible is all about relationships within one's faith community and with that community and the world.
Its not what I think about God that is important. It is what Jesus thinks about God that is important. And it takes something the size of a worldwide denomination working over hundreds of years to understand something like that.