Um... No.
Knees specially can and will break backwards if enough weight is applied, say, like when you lock them during a press exercise
In 99.9% of cases they most certainly wont. Any joint that locks out is evolutionarily designed to do so. The examples of hyperextension injuries you are describing are likely down to an abnormal laxity in the joint which compromises its integrity in addition to loads in excess of what the individual has trained to handle.
You are required to lock out all lifts in the strength sports (powerlifting, weightlifting and strongman). Injury rates are low across the board in strength sports when compared to field sports. I don't have any figures at hand but catastrophic hyperextension injuries (like what you're describing) are extremely rare in these athletes who are lifting weights far in excess of the average gym goer.
The idea of not locking out generally stems from bodybuilding where the belief is that not locking out will keep more tension on the muscles. Again this is unlikely (tell me your tricep is not tense while locking out a heavy bench press.
To play devils advocate, I don't think it's absolutely necessary to lock out, particularly if it causes you discomfort, but provided it doesn't there is no reason not to lock out as we ideally want to strengthen our muscles, joints, connective tissue etc through as large a range of motion as possible.
PS you probably shouldn't reply in such a condescending way ("um ...no") if you're going to give an absolute piss poor retort to my comment, clearly demonstrating you have no knowledge on the topic whatsoever.