I'm 5'7" and I can say that when I was younger sometimes I'd be insecure about my height, but I can't remember anyone else ever treating me negatively because of my height. I think when I was younger it was definitely was a motivating factor for me to try and excel in other areas though. I always try to keep myself in decent physical shape, I consider myself well educated and well read, I study the arts, have a decent job etc. A few friends of mine would joke about my height, but I'd give them shit about having a big nose, or skinny legs, just well intended ribbing I guess you could say.
In relationships, I've dated women who are 5'10", I've dated one woman who's 4'11" and as I got older and more comfortable with myself, dating a woman taller than me was never an issue. I think only one woman I dated even commented on her being taller than me, but then she grabbed my dick and said I'm big where it counts. haha. I can specifically remember being in high school, I worked at a local grocery store and I'd see the cover of all the magazines and Tom Cruise was on one with Nicole Kidman, and no one was talking about how much taller than him she is. That seemed to help an insecure high schooler.
I think for a man, there are two things we wish we could control but can't, our height and the size of our cock. Right? We will all find insecurities about ourselves, and project them to other people, but I always looked at the things I can control, and try to excel at those things. For some women, height does matter. There's a woman in my friend group who has flat out said her and I could never date because I'm not tall enough for her, and that's fine, people are allowed to have a preference. It is a bit of a bummer when their preference is something you really have no control over, but it is what it is. There are features a woman may have that are out of her control that I find unattractive, its just a preference. There's billions of partners to choose from on this planet, there are people out there who fit you, and you fit them.