Heavy metal (often referred to simply as
metal) is a genre of
rock music[1] that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States.
[2] With roots in
blues-rock and
psychedelic rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified
distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are generally associated with masculinity and
machismo.
[3]
The first heavy metal bands such as
Led Zeppelin,
Black Sabbath and
Deep Purple attracted large audiences, though they were often critically reviled, a status common throughout the history of the genre. In the mid-1970s
Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its
blues influence;
Motörhead introduced a
punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed. Bands in the
New Wave of British Heavy Metal such as
Iron Maiden followed in a similar vein. Before the end of the decade, heavy metal had attracted a worldwide following of fans known as "
metalheads" or "
headbangers".