To be honest i have no idea right now how the situation is being handled with the covid pandemic, although many of the "routine" visits are coming back to 100%.
I can imagine explaining the situation via phone call, it must be horrendous actually...
To answer your question on how it worked when i was younger, they weren't compulsory but they were kinda routine. Here every child has a "national-health paid pediatrician" who is in charge of dealing with the direct contact between a family and the health system. You usually contact him/her if the child gets sick (or if you think he/she is) and with a medical check you are given a feedback on what to do next, if you need to take any pills, further special visits and so on. Plus when you approach adolescence it is not mandatory but they usually advice to have a meeting at least once a year to see if the growing is going good and there the "private parts" are checked. That is where it is kinda easy for a professional to spot any phimosis or similar issues and suggest further investigation with the urologist if it is needed. Finally with the arrival of the first period for the ladies and the first sign of sperm/full grown penis for boys, a visit to the gynecologist/urologist is strongly recommended, again using the national health system (i'm using the same name of the british NHS to give you some comparison, i have no idea how to translate it otherwise). I guess any parents could decide what to do without any repercussion, but why should anyone refuse free medical checks ?
A quick personal experience:
i was actually having some problems with my foreskin being still attached to my glans during my adolescence, but with the help of my pediatrician (and some patience) we made it completely detach correctly. I guess without such a system it is actually better to cut directly from birth, because a regular parent with no background in medicine can't always figure it out by himself.
Interesting, and thanks. Here in the U.K Urology is one of the specialities and you only get to see one if our G.P. recommends it. They will write a letter, and if you are lucky, a few months later you will get an appointment. The system you had when your had problems when the foreskin was fused to the glans probably saved your foreskin. I think here in the U.K. circumcision would have been the go-to option, at least where I and a few others I have known were concerned. There is also the question that the British can be quite shy/reserved. When I offered to show my dad "the problem" when I was about 14, he went red and said "er, no. I don't think that is necessary"
And finally: i actually don't know if i (visually and sexually) prefer cut or uncut... Maybe i'd say cut because they are so rare here it is a plus